Sunday, 23 October 2011

What are main sources of company to repay his debts?

So, above questions’ answer can be given after making fund flow statements.

Definition of Fund

Fund means working capital. If current assets of company is more than current liability of business, it is called working capital and working capital’s other name is Fund.

Fund = Working capital = Current assets – Current liability

Definition of Flow of Fund

Flow of fund means movement of fund. I take the example of air; we can feel its movement or flow of air. Same thing is happen with fund, due to the activity of business fund is transfer from one asset to another assets. If fixed assets are converted into current asset or fixed liability is converted into current liabilities, these are the flow of fund. But if current assets are changed with current assets or current assets are changed into current liabilities, then, there is no flow of fund because there is no change working capital. Suppose, we get the money from debtor, this is not flow of fund because, working capital is not changed. Both items of current assets and when current assets change into current assets, there will not be change in working capital.

Flow of Fund = Fixed asset changes into current asset or current asset changes into fixed assets

Or

Fixed liability changes into current liability or current liability changes into fixed liability.

Definition of fund flow statement

Fund flow statement is a statement which shows the inflow and out flow of funds between two dates of balance sheet. So, it is known as the statement of changes in financial position. We all know that balance sheet shows our financial position and inflow and outflow of fund affects it. So, in company level business, it is very necessary to prepare fund flow statement to know what the sources are and what are applications of fund between two dates of balance sheet. Generally, it is prepare after getting two year balance sheet.

According to Prof. Anthony, “The funds flow statement describes the sources from which additional funds were derived and the use of which these funds were put.”

Fund flow statements are known with different names

Statement of source and uses of funds

Or summary of financial operations

Movement of working capital statement

Or

Fund received and distributed statement

Or

Fund generated and expended statement.

Steps for making Fund flow statement

First Step

Making of statement of Changes of Working Capital

For making of fund flow statement. It is very necessary to make statement of changes of working capital. Because net increase in working capital is use of fund and net decrease in working capital is source of fund. So, it is duty of accountant to make statement of changes of working capital. Making of statement of changes working capital is very easy and simple.

We take two balance sheets, one is current year balance sheet and other is previous year balance sheet. Then we separate current assets and current liabilities.

If current assets are more than previous year current assets, it means increase in working capital.
If current assets are less than previous year current assets, it means decrease in working capital. Because, relationship between current assets and working capital is positive and if any changes in current assets, working capital will change in same direction.
If current liabilities are more than previous year current liabilities, it means decrease in working capital.
If current liabilities are less than previous year current liabilities, it means increase in working capital. Relationship between working capital and current liabilities are inverse.

Statement or schedule of changes in working capital

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Particular--------------- ↓ previous year ↓ Current year ↓ Effect on working capital
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------↓ Increase ↓ Decrease
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Current Assets

Þ Cash in hand
Þ Bills receivable
Þ Sundry debtors
Þ Temporary investments
Þ Stocks / inventories
Þ Prepaid expenses
Þ Accrued incomes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total current assets----------- ↓xxxx ↓ xxxxx↓
----------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------

Current liabilities

Þ Bills payables
Þ Sundry creditors
Þ Bank overdraft
Þ Short term advances
Þ Dividends payables
Þ Provision for taxation
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total current Liabilities ----------↓xxxx ↓xxxx ↓
------------------------------------------------------------------ -------------------
Working capital
CA- CL
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Net increase or decrease in working capital =

Increase in working capital – Decrease in working capital

2nd Step

Statement showing the fund from operation

Because is the source of fund and will show in fund flow statement’s source side. So before making fund flow statement, we must make statement showing the fund from operation.

Operation means business activity and fund from operation means profit from business activity. So, you will easy understand that profit from business activity between two accounting period must be the source of fund.

Statement of fund from operations
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------>↓ Amount ↓
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Closing balance of profit and loss account or retained earning as
Given in the Balance sheet
Add non –fund and non operating items which have been already
Debited to profit and loss account1. depreciation
2. amortization of fictitious and intangible assets

Þ goodwill
Þ patents
Þ trade marks
Þ preliminary expenses
Þ discount on issue of shares

3. Appropriation of retained earning such as

Þ Transfer to general reserve
Þ Dividend equalization fund
Þ Transfer to sinking fund
Þ Contingency reserve etc.

4. Loss on sale of any non current or fixed assets such as

Þ Loss on sale of land and building
Þ Loss on sale of machinery
Þ Loss on sale of furniture
Þ Loss on sale of long term investments

5. Dividends including

Þ Interim dividend
Þ Proposed dividend

(If it is an appropriation of profit and not taken as current liability)
6. Provision for taxation (if it is not taken as current liability)
7. Any other non fund / non operating items which have been debited to P/L account

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total ( A)-------------------------------------------------------> ↓ XXXXX ↓
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less Non –Fund or non operating items which have already been credited to profit and loss account
1. Profit or gain from the sale of non current / fixed assets such as

Þ Profit on sale of land and building
Þ Profit on sale of plant and machinery
Þ Profit on sale of long term investment etc.

2. Appreciation in the value of fixed assets such as increase in the value of land if it has been credited to profit and loss account
3. Dividends received
4. excess provision retransferred to profit and loss account or written back .
5. any other non operating item which has been credited to profit and loss account
6. opening balance of profit and loss account or retained earnings as given in the balance sheet
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total ( B)--------------------------------------------------------------> ↓ XXXXX ↓
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Funds received from operation or business activities = total ( A) – Total ( B)

You can make also above statement in t shape adjusted profit and loss account form .

3rd Step

Fund flow statement

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------> ↓ Amount ↓

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A ) Source of funds
1.fund from operation ( balance of second step )
2.issue of shares capital
3.issue of debentures
4.raising of long term loans
5.receipts from partly paid shares , called up
6.amount received from sales of non current or fixed assets
7.non trading receipts such as dividend received
8.sale of investments ( Long term )
9.decrease in working capital as per schedule of changes in working capital
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total -------------------------------------------------------------> ↓ XXXXX ↓
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Applications or uses of funds
1. Funds lost in operations ( Balance negative in second step )
2. redemption of preference share capital
3. redemption of debentures
4. repayment of long term loans
5. purchase of long term loans
6. purchase of long term investments
7. non trading payments
8. payment of tax
9. payment of dividends
10. increase in working capital ( As per positive balance of ist step )
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total --------------------------------------------------------> ↓ XXXXX ↓
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Chapter 7: Funds Analysis, Cash Flow Analysis, and Financial Planning

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. According to the accounting profession, which of the following would be considered a cash-flow item from an "investing" activity?

cash inflow from interest income.

cash inflow from dividend income.

cash outflow to acquire fixed assets.

all of the above.

2. According to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), which of the following is a cash flow from a "financing" activity?

cash outflow to the government for taxes.

cash outflow to shareholders as dividends.

cash outflow to lenders as interest.

cash outflow to purchase bonds issued by another company.

3. If the following are balance sheet changes:
$5,005 decrease in accounts receivable
$7,000 decrease in cash
$12,012 decrease in notes payable
$10,001 increase in accounts payable
a "use" of funds would be the:

$7,000 decrease in cash.

$5,005 decrease in accounts receivable.

$10,001 increase in accounts payable.

$12,012 decrease in notes payable.

4. On an accounting statement of cash flows an "increase(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents" appears as

a cash flow from operating activities.

a cash flow from investing activities.

a cash flow from financing activities.

none of the above.

5. Uses of funds include a (an):

decrease in cash.

increase in any liability.

increase in fixed assets.

tax refund.

6. Which of the following would be included in a cash budget?

depreciation charges.

dividends.

goodwill.

patent amortization.

7. An examination of the sources and uses of funds statement is part of:

a forecasting technique.

a funds flow analysis.

a ratio analysis.

calculations for preparing the balance sheet.

8. Which of the following is NOT a cash outflow for the firm?

depreciation.

dividends.

interest payments.

taxes.

9. Which of the following would be considered a use of funds?

a decrease in accounts receivable.

a decrease in cash.

an increase in account payable.

an increase in cash.

10. The cash flow statement in the United States is most likely to appear using

a "supplementary method."

a "direct method."

an "indirect method."

a "flow of funds method."

11. For a profitable firm, total sources of funds will always total uses of funds.

be equal to

be greater than

be less than

have no consistence relationship to

f

t

r

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Wage Incentive Plans

Halsey Premium Plan

HALSEY PREMIUM PLAN

In this plan incentive is given to a worker, who is fast and completes work before the standard time to complete a job, However, a minimum base-wage is guaranteed to a worker, who completes the job up to the standard time, fixed for this job.

Example

Let Standard time : S hours

Time taken by worker : T hours

Wage rate : Rs. R per hour

Incentive or premium : Wages for 1 percentage of time

saved at a rate of R per hour

Wages to be Paid to a Worker (W)

(i) When T > S

W = TR + R (S – T)/100

(ii) When T < S

W = SR

Advantages of Halsey Premium Plan

(i) Simple

(ii) Beneficial to efficient worker

(iii) Causes no harm to new worker, trainee, or slow worker

(iv) Management shares benefits of over-achievement by workers

(v) Minimum base-wage is guaranteed.

Disadvantages of Halsey Premium Plan

(i) Workers get only a percentage of return on their over-achievement (for example: 1% in above example).

(ii) Due to undue importance on over-achievement quality suffers.

(iii) Management gets wrong picture of worker’s ability.

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In this plan incentive is given to a worker, who is fast and completes work before the standard time to complete a job, However, a minimum base-wage is guaranteed to a worker, who completes the job up to the standard time, fixed for this job.

Saturday, 22 October 2011

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Factory Overhead -Primary Distribution Homework Help, Tutoring

Home > Accounting > Cost Accounting > Types of Cost > Machinery Cost / Overhead > Factory Overhead -Primary Distribution

Technical Estimates Assignment Help, Tutor Help

Factory Overhead -Primary Distribution:

Commonly Used Bases of Primary Distribution:

Area Occupied (i.e. floor space occupied):

Kilowatt Hours/ Horse Power of Machines:

Number of Employees:

Departmental Direct Wages:

Production hours of direct workers:

Light Points & Wattage:

Capital Values of Respective Assets:

Technical Estimates:

Illustration: ABC ltd has five departments of which X, Y & Z are production departments while A & B are service departments. The following are the particulars relating to the departments:
X Y Z A B
Floor area occupied (sq. meters) 360 240 200 140 60
No of employees 40 30 24 16 10
Horse power of machines 1200 800 1000 __ __
Wages ($) 100000 80000 60000 30000 10000
Value of plant ($) 480000 400000 320000 200000 100000
Value of buildings ($) 1000000 600000 400000 200000 100000
No of light points 60 40 30 20 10
Value of stocks ($) 300000 200000 100000 ___ ___
Distribute the following costs to the various departments on the most suitable basis:
Rent, rates & taxes $ 10000, Repairs to building $ 23000, Repairs to plant $ 15000, Depreciation of plant $ 45000, Insurance of stock $ 3000, Insurance of plant $ 1500, Power $ 9000, Lighting $ 1600, Supervision $ 12000, Premia for workmen’s compensation insurance $ 2800

Note: The direct materials & wages of the service departments should be included in the total overhead of those service departments.
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Other Topics under Machinery Cost / Overhead

Wages are one of the major portion in the total cost of production. There is always a chance of fraud in wage payment. Therefore, an effective administrative and accounting control system must be implemented by the management to minimize fraud and to keep the labor cost minimum. As already stated, a number of departments are set up for the effective utilization of labor force and its proper accounting and controlling. These departments are required to work in a coordinated manner and to support the management in controlling labor cost by recording and reporting their activities on regular basis. The management should evaluate and revise its controlling system to find out leakages and to stop such leakages in time. Fraud in wage payment may result in various ways like inclusion of dummy worker in pay-roll, manipulating hours, recording extra overtime, using a wrong wage rate and registering absent workers.

A store refers to raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods remaining in stock. Store-keeping means the activities relating to purchasing, issuing, protecting, storing and recording of the materials. Store-keeping includes the receipts and issues of materials, their recording, movements in and out of the store and safeguarding of materials. The store is a service department headed by a store-keeper who is responsible for a proper storage, protection and issue of all kinds of materials.

The method in which materials are issued from the stores on a first come first serve basis is called FIFO method. In FIFO method, materials are issued strictly on a chronological order. The units of opening stocks of materials are issued first, the units from the first purchase are issued next and the closing stock is remain in stock always from the latest purchase. The value of the closing stock of materials is at the price of the latest purchase.

Advantages Of FIFO
Followings are the advantages of FIFO method.

1. FIFO method is easy to understand and operate.
2. FIFO method is useful where transactions are not voluminous and prices of materials are falling.
3. FIFO method is suitable for bulky materials with high unit prices.
4. FIFO method helps to avoid deterioration and obsolescence.
5. Value of closing stock of materials will reflect the current market price.I

Disadvantages Of FIFO
Some disadvantages of FIFO method are as follows.

1. FIFO method is improper if many lots are purchased during the period at different prices.
2. The objective of matching current costs with current revenues can not be achieved under FIFO method.
3. If the prices of materials are rising rapidly, the current production cost may be understated.
4. FIFO method overstates profit especially in inflation.

Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) method follows the principle that the last items of materials purchased are issued at first. The valuation of the materials issued is made according to the latest purchase price of materials. The closing stocks of materials are valued always on the earliest prices of materials. In case of a rising price, LIFO method is suitable because material is issued at current market price.

Advantages Of LIFO Method

The main advantages of LIFO method are as follows
1. LIFO method is appropriate for matching cost and revenue.
2. LIFO method is simple to operate and easy to understand.
3. LIFO method facilitates complete recovery of material cost.
4. LIFO method is most suitable when prices are rising.

Disadvantages Of LIFO Method

The main disadvantages of LIFO method are as follows
1. Inventory valuation does not reflect the current prices and therefore are useless in the context of current conditions.
2. Due to variation of prices, comparison of cost of similar job is not possible.
3. Calculations become complicated and cumbersome when rates of receipts are highly fluctuating.
4. LIFO involves considerable clerical work.

In simple average method, issue price of materials are fixed at average unit price. Simple average is an average of price without considering the quantities involved. The average price is calculated by dividing the total of the rates of the materials in the stores by the number of rates of prices.

Advantages Of Simple Average Method
Main advantages of simple average method are as follows:

1. Simple average method is very suitable when materials are received in uniform lot quantities.
2. Simple average method is very easy to operate.
3. Simple average method reduces clerical work.

Disadvantages Of Simple Average Method
Major disadvantages of simple average method are as follows:

1. If the quantity in each lot varies widely, the average price will lead to erroneous costs.
2. Costs are not fully recovered.
3. Closing stock is not valued at the current assets.

Re-order level is a level of material at which the storekeeper should initiate the purchase requisition for fresh supplies. When the stock-in-hand comes down to the re-ordering level, it is an indication that an action should be taken for replenishment or purchase.

The re-order level is calculated as follows:
Re-order Level= Minimum Level(Safety stock) + (Average lead time x Average consumption)
OR
Re-order Level= Maximum Consumption x Maximum Re-ordering Period

Illustration
Suppose,
Maximum consumption per day = 400 units
Minimum consumption per day = 200 units
Re-order period = 8 to 10 days
Then,
Re-order Level = Maximum consumption x Maximum re-order period
= 400 units x 10 days = 4000 units

Minimum level or safety stock level is the level of inventory, below which the stock of materials should not be fall. If the stock goes below minimum level, there is a possibility that the production may be interrupted due to shortage of materials. In other words, the minimum level represents the minimum quantity of the stock that should be held at all times.
The minimum level is determined by using the following formula:

Minimum Level = Re-order level -(Normal consumption x Normal Re-order Point)

Illustration
Re-order Period = 8 to 12 days
Daily consumption = 400 to 600 units
Minimum Level = ?

Solution,
Minimum Level = Re-order Level - (Normal Consumption x Normal Re-order Point)
= 7200 - (500 x 10)
= 2200 units.

Working Notes:
1. Re-order Level = Maximum consumption x Maximum Re-order Point
= 600 x 12 = 7200 units

2. Normal consumption = (Maximum Consumption + Minimum Consumption)/2
= (600+400)/2 = 1000/2= 500 units

3. Normal Re-order Period = (Maximum Re-order Period + Minimum Re-order Period)/2
= (12+8)/2 = 10 days.

Maximum level is that level of stock, which is not normally allowed to be exceeded. Beyond the maximum stock level, a blockage of capital should be exercised to check unnecessary stock. The factory should not keep materials more than the maximum stock level. It increases the carrying cost of holding unnecessary inventory level. It is the opportunity cost of holding inventory.

The maximum stock level can be calculated by using the following formula:
Maximum Level = Re-order Level + Re-order quantity - (Minimum consumption x Minimum Delivery Time)

Illustration
Re-order quantity = 1000 units
Re-order Level = 1500 units
Re-ordering period = 4 to 6 days
Daily consumption = 150 to 250 units
Maximum Level = ?

Solution,
Maximum Level = Re-order level + Re-order quantity - (Minimum consumption x Minimum Re-ordering period)
= 1500+1000(150 x 4)
= 1900 units.

Average Stock level shows the average stock held by a firm. The average stock level can be calculated with the help of following formula.

Average Stock Level = Minimum Level + (1/2Re-order Quantity)
OR
Average Stock Level = (Minimum Level + Maximum Level)/2

Illustration
Re-order quantity = 2000 units
Minimum Level = 500 units
Average stock level = ?

Solution,
Average stock level = Minimum level + 1/2 x Re-order quantity
= 500 + 1/2 x 2000
= 500+ 1000
= 1500 units.

Danger level is a level of fixed usually below the minimum level. When the stock reaches danger level, an urgent action for purchase is initiated. When stock reaches the minimum level, the storekeeper must make special arrangements to get fresh materials, so that the production may not be interrupted due to the shortage of materials.

The formula for calculating the danger level is:

Danger Level = Normal consumption x Maximum re-order period for emergency purchase

Illustration,
Daily Consumption = 100 to 200 units
Maximum re-order period for emergency purchase = 5 days
Danger Level = ?

Solution,
Danger Level = Normal consumption x Maximum re-order period for emergency purchase
= 150 x 5
750 units.

The economic order quantity can be determined in the following ways.

1. Formula Method
With the help of following formula, the economic order quantity can be calculated.

eoq formula

2. Graphical Method

Under this method, the carrying cost, ordering cost and total cost are shown on graph. It is based on the principle that the total carrying cost increases as the order size increases. However, the ordering cost decreases if the order size increases. The point at which the ordering cost and carrying cost intersects each other, total cost is minimum.

3. Trial And Error Method

If the total needs of inventory for a form are known, the firm has different alternatives to purchase its inventories. It can buy its total needs in a single order at the beginning of the year or the inventories may be purchased in small orders periodically. If the purchase are made in one order, the average inventory holdings will be relatively large whereas they will be relatively small when the acquisition of inventory is in small lots. High average inventory would involve high carrying cost and low average inventory holdings are associated with high ordering costs. According to this method, the carrying and ordering costs for different sizes of orders to purchase inventories are computed and the order size with the lowest total cost of inventory is the economic order quantity.

The economic order quantity can be determined in the following ways.

1. Formula Method
With the help of following formula, the economic order quantity can be calculated.

eoq formula

2. Graphical Method

3. Trial And Error Method

labour costing

The time rate system is that system of wage payment in which the workers are paid on the basis of time spent by them in the factory. Under this system, the workers and employees are paid wages on the basis of the time they have worked rather than the volume of output they have produced. Hence, according to this system, wages are paid on hourly, weekly or monthly basis. Under time rate system, the wages earned by a worker is determined by using the following formula.

Wages Earned = Time spent(Attended) x Wage rate per hour/day/week/month

Advantages Of Time Rate System
The following are some of the important advantages of time rate system of wage payment:

* Time rate system is simple to understand and easy to calculate.
* Time rate system is quite useful for organizations that use costly inputs for quality outputs.
* Time rate system is beneficial for average and below workers.
* Time rate system assures regular income and creates the feeling of economic security among the workers.
* Time rate system does not discriminate the workers and is preferred by trade unions.

Disadvantages Of Time Rate System
The following are some notable disadvantages of time rate system of wage payment.

* Time rate system does not help in increasing output and improving efficiency as there is no correlation between effort and reward.
* Time rate system is not justifiable between efficient and inefficient workers and skilled and unskilled workers.
* Time rate system pays for idle time, which increases the cost of production.
Time rate system encourages a g0-slow tendency among workers during working hours and encourages them to work overtime.
* It is difficult to estimate exact labor cost in advance.
* It requires strict supervision to get the required quantity of output.

labour costing

Following are the main differences between piece rate system and time rate system.

1. Meaning
Piece rate system is a method of wage payment to workers based on the quantity of output they have produced. Time rate system is a method of wage payment to workers based on time spent by them for the production of output.

2. Nature Of Payment
Piece rate system pays the workers according to the units of output produced. Time rate system pays the workers according to the time spent in the factory.

3. Emphasis
Piece rate system gives emphasis on larger quantity of output. Time rate system emphasis on better quality of output.

4. Discrimination
Piece rate system discriminates the workers and pays more wages to efficient and skilled workers. Time rate system does not discriminate the workers and pays the same wages to efficient and inefficient workers.

5. Supervision
Piece rate system requires strict supervision to get the required quality output. Time rate system requires strict supervision to get required quantity of output.

6. Determination Of Labor Cost
Piece rate system helps to fix per unit labor cost in advance. Time rate system does not help to fix labor cost per unit in advance.

7. Flow Of Production
Piece rate system does not bring uniformity in the flow of production and causes an excessive wastage of inputs. Time rate system helps maintain a uniform flow of production and ensures an efficient use of materials, tools and equipments.

Friday, 21 October 2011

सिमरिया अर्धकुंभ-2011 शुरू

बिहार के बेगूसराय स्थित सिमरियाधाम के पावन गंगा तट पर हजारों बर्षों बाद 13 अक्टूबर से 17 नवंबर के बीच 'अर्धकुंभ पर्व' का आयोजन हो रहा है.

यह वही भूमि है जहां पुराणों में वर्णित समुद्र मंथन हुआ. रुद्रयामल तंत्र में शाल्मली वन नाम से वर्णित इसी भूमि पर 14 रत्नों के साथ अमृत कुंभ निकला और इस रूप में ये आदि कुंभ स्थली बनी.
इस पावन आदि कुंभ स्थली की पुनर्स्थापना के प्रेरणा पुरूष करपात्री, अग्निहोत्री परमहंस स्वामी चिदात्मन जी महाराज की विशेष इच्छा है कि अर्धकुंभ के इस अनुपम योग में आपके चरण पावन सिमरियाधाम पर पड़े तो आयोजन की दिव्यता और बढ़ जाएगी साथ ही कुंभ स्नान के लिए आने वाले लाखों-लाख श्रद्धालुओं को आपके दर्शन और आशीर्वचनों का प्रसाद भी प्राप्त होगा.

कार्यक्रम का विस्तृत विवरण

मंगल कार्यक्रम
13.10.2011 गुरूवार - ध्वजारोहण (उद्घाटन)
18.10.2011 मंगलवार- कुंभ पर्व (मेले) की शुरूआत

अर्धकुंभ पर्व स्नान (शाही स्नान)

20.10.02011–गुरुवार- कार्तिक कृष्ण राधाष्टमी केंद्रस्नानम गुरू पुष्य
सर्वाथ अमृत सिद्धियोग - प्रथम कुंभ पर्व स्नान (शाही स्नान)

26.10.02011–बुधवार- कार्तिक अमावस्या - द्वितीय कुंभ पर्व
स्नान (शाही स्नान)

04.11.02011–शुक्रवार- कार्तिक शुक्ल अक्षय नवमीं सतयुगादि
तृतीय कुंभ पर्व स्नान (शाही स्नान)

17.11.2011 - गुरूवार- अर्धकुंभ पर्व का समापन (2017 में महाकुंभ पर्व में
सिमरिया में पुन: मिलने का संकल्प

कैसे पहुंचे कुंभस्थली सिमरियाधाम ?

सिमरिया बिहार के बेगूसराय जिले में गंगा नदी के मनोरम तट पर स्थित है
बिहार की राजधानी पटना से दूरी -70 किलोमीटर
पटना से सड़क एवं रेल मार्ग दोनों से सुविधा उपबल्ध
बेगूसराय से 13 किलोमीटर
बरौना जंक्शन से 11 किलोमीटर
मोकामा जंक्शन से 10 किलोमीटर
हाथीदाह जंक्शन से 2 किलोमीटर
गंगा नदी पर बने ऐतिहासिक राजेन्द्र पुल से ½ किलोमीटर

देश के 12 स्थानों पर लगता था कुंभ

स्कंध पुराण और रुद्रयामल तंत्र और अन्य अनेक ग्रंथों में वर्णित है कि किसी समय देश 12 स्थानों पर कुंभ का आयोजन होता था, वैदिक युग में सिमरिया (बिहार), गोहाटी (असम), कुरुक्षेत्र (हरियाणा), जगन्नाथपुरी (उड़ीसा), गंगासागर (प. बंगाल), द्वारिका (गुजरात), कुंभकोणम (तमिलनाडु), रामेश्वरम (तमिलनाडु), हरिद्वार (उत्तराखंड), प्रयाग (उत्तर प्रदेश), उज्जैन (मध्य प्रदेश) और नासिक (महाराष्ट्र) इन बारह स्थानों पर पावन महाकुंभपर्वों का आयोजन होता था.

लेकिन दुख के साथ ये कहना पड़ता है कि नियति के चक्र, विदेशी कुचक्रों औऱ इन सबसे उपर परंपरा के प्रति भारतीयजनों की उदासीनता के कारण देश के सबसे बड़े इन आयोजनों में से मात्र 4 (हरिद्वार, प्रयाग, उज्जैन और नासिक कुंभ) ही को हम बचा पाए और 8 स्थानों पर लगने वाले कुंभपर्वों का लोप हो गया.

सिमरिया है आदि कुंभ स्थली

बात बिहार के बेगूसराय में गंगा के पावन तट पर स्थित सिमरिया की करें तो प्रमाणों के आधार पर एक समय तक यहां भी कुंभ के आयोजन की बात सामने आती है.
जनक वंश के अंतिम राजा कराल जनक तक यहां ये आयोजन होता रहा. और कालांतर में यहां कार्तिक के महीने में कल्पवास का मेला लगता रहा जो आज भी लगता है और राज्य सरकार ने इसकी महत्ता को देखते हुए इसे राजकीय मेला तक घोषित कर रखा है.

विद्वानों की राय में पुराणों में जिस समुद्र मंथन की घटना का जिक्र आता है उसकी केन्द्रीय भूमि मिथिला का यही क्षेत्र थी, ऋग्वेद में जिस सप्त सिंधु क्षेत्र का जिक्र है वो यही क्षेत्र है.
इस स्थान से थोड़ी ही दूर भागलपुर में मंदार पर्वत स्थित है जिसे समुद्र मंथन की मथनी बनाया गया था और थोड़ी दूर स्थित बासुकीनाथ धाम भी है जहां समुद्र मंथन में रस्सी बने नागराज बासुकी ने मंथन के बाद विश्राम किया और शिव की पूजा-अर्चऩा की. तीर्थराज प्रयाग जहां कुंभ का आयोजन अबाध होता रहा वो स्थान भी सिमरिया के गंगा तट से 450 - 500 किमी की दूरी पर ही स्थित है.
हमारे समय के महान संत महर्षि देवराहा बाबा तो कहते थे जहां तक गंगा का तट है वो सब कुंभ का क्षेत्र है.

कल्पवास है कुंभ का अवशेष

कहते हैं सिमरिया की इसी भूमि पर देवताओं के बीच अमृत का वितरण किया गया. जन श्रुतियों में ऐसी औऱ भी कई बाते हैं जिसे नकार पाना संभव नहीं और प्रत्यक्ष प्रणाम की बात करें तो कुंभ के अवशेष के रूप में देखे जाने वाले कार्तिक के महीने में लगने वाला कल्पवास का मेला तो आज भी लगता है और इसकी महत्ता से किसी को इऩकार नहीं. शास्त्रीय प्रमाण बताते हैं कि कार्तिक मास की अक्षय नवमी को ही सतयुग का प्राकट्य हुआ जो पंचांग में सतयुगादि के नाम से विख्यात है.
लुप्त हो गयी पंरपरा
समय चक्र के साथ बदलाव नियति का अभिन्न हिस्सा रहा है और परंपराएं इससे अछूती नहीं रह सकती. कुंभपर्व के साथ भी ऐसा ही हुआ. कई कारणों से कालांतर में सिर्फ चार स्थानों पर ही कुंभपर्व बचा रह पाया औऱ बाकी के आठ स्थानों पर इसका लोप हो गया. हां इतना जरूर हुआ कि जहां-जहां कुंभ पर्व की परंपरा थी वहां कल्पवास का मेला लगता रहा जो आज भी लगा करता है.
इस धर्मप्राण देश की तासीर को समझनेवाले कहते हैं कि कुंभपर्व की परंपरा का लोप होना भारत की अभी तक की सबसे बड़ी हानि है. सिर्फ यहीं नही देश के अंदर और बाहर के प्रत्यक्ष और परोक्ष कई आघातों ने धर्म से जुड़े हमारे मूल्यों औऱ परंपराओं को प्रभावित करने की कोशिशें कीं और किसी न किसी रूप में ये आज भी जारी है.
पर ये भी सच है कि अपने तप से सर्वमंगल की कामना में रत संतवृंदों और महापुरुषों के सतत् श्रम और स्नेह-आशीर्वाद ने धर्म की इस ध्वजा को उखाड़ने की कोशिशों को हर बार नाकाम किया है.
कुंभपर्व की पंरपरा को पुनर्जीवित करने का संकल्प

हजारों साल बाद पावन गंगा के निर्मल तट पर परांबा जगदंबा की साधना में रत एक ऐसे ही सिद्ध पुरूष ने लुप्त हो चुकी कुंभपर्व की पंरपरा को पुनर्जीवित करने का संकल्प लिया है.
गंगापुत्र, फलाहारी बाबा, सिमरिया बाबा और न जाने कितने ही नामों से जाने जाने वाले परम आदरणीय करपात्री अग्निहोत्री परमहंस स्वामी चिदात्मन जी महाराज ने देश के संत समाज, प्रबुद्धजनों, समाज-राजनीति के अग्रेसरों और धर्म ध्वजा के वाहकों, संरक्षकों हर किसी से महाकुंभपर्व की पुनर्स्थापना का आह्वान किया है.
आर्षग्रंथ, स्मृति, पुराण और ऐतिहासिक प्रमाण कहते हैं कि जब देश के 12 स्थानों पर महाकुंभपर्व लगा करते थे तब जगत जननी जगदंबा की लीला भूमि सिमरिया में लगने वाला महाकुंभपर्व सबसे पहला और प्रमुख कुंभपर्व हुआ करता था.
प्रमाणों से ये साबित होता है कि सिमरिया ही ऐतिहासिक समुद्र मंथन की केन्द्र भूमि थी और मंथन से निकले अमृत कलश से इसी स्थान पर देवों के बीच अमृत का वितरण किया गया था.
लिहाजा कुंभपर्व की पुनर्स्थापना की पावन शुरूआत बिहार के बेगूसराय जिले में स्थित सिमरिया से किये जाने का संकल्प लिया गया.

लेकिन कुंभ स्थल और कुंभ योग की प्रमाणिकता किसी एक व्यक्ति के कह देने से साबित नहीं होती लिहाजा स्वामी चिदात्मन जी महाराज ने अपने विचारों को सर्वसम्मत स्वीकृति के लिए विश्व प्रसिद्ध कामेश्वर सिंह दरभंगा संस्कृत विश्वविद्यालय के विद्वत परिषद के सामने विचारार्थ रखा.

सिमरिया में 2017 में पूर्णमहाकुंभ का योग

इस साल लगने वाले अर्धकुंभपर्व के बाद वर्ष 2017 में सिमरिया में पूर्णमहाकुंभ का योग है और उसके सफलतापूर्वक संपन्न होने के बाद ही कुंभपर्व की पुनर्स्थापना का कार्य पूर्ण माना जाएगा. 2011 का अर्धकुंभपर्व उसी कुंभपर्व की पहली कड़ी है.